These loggers respond to changes in water and air pressure and require compensation to remove the effects of air pressure using a separate barometriclogger.The rugged troll measures water temperature and water level while the rugged barrow measures atmospheric pressure. Both instruments have completely sealed bodies that contain non-vented pressure sensor, temperature sensor, real-time clock, microprocessor, lithium battery, and internal memory.The Rugged TROLL 100 hangs by a back-shell hanger from a suspension wire. Both deforestation and rural poverty have become issues at a stake due to more and more demand for agricultural products associated to increasing world populations. The concern is that forestry and agriculture are both important sectors for the human survival, and one cannot pretend to promote one sector without negatively affecting the other . The expansion of agriculture land associated to increasing demand in food, fodder, and biofuel produced by tropical ecosystems,has raised concerns .

Prior to the recent decades, the cash crops or commodities have been limited to some few conventional crops including coffee, cocoa,tea, palm oil, cotton and some other textiles like kapok and silk, and were produced for exportation towards just some few western countries. But nowadays,the demand has internationalized and the practice has targeted a greater number of tropical agricultural goods. As example, the soybean was introduced in Togo just in recent years . Bassan found that, in 2003,hydroponic bucket the household surveying’s year, 50% of the soybeans produced at the surveyed zone in Togo, and 88.5% in Benin aimed at producing the fermented spice . Today, the soybeans production has supplanted any other conventional cash crop, because its uses have diversified to many other foods importantly the cheese and soymilk; in addition, it can be exported to many more countries. Other cash crops of the same consideration are peanut, cashew,pineapple, and many uncountable vegetables. This situation has become a great challenge for tropical countries for two major reasons. First, as would state Lambin and Meyfroldt , the land has become an increasing scarce resource in the tropics because most of these crops are tropical ecosystems site specific. Consequently,this agriculture land expansion is threatening for both the forest ecosystems as well as for the conservation policies built to protect them. Second, the practice of producing agricultural, forest or any other land based products abroad, usually called land use displacement, creates environmental costs which are not immediately perceptible to most project analysts.

We still need to know the efficiency of our conservation policies, however.To be able to assess the efficiency of various policies on conservation such as carbon storage ,,the wild life conservation and the conservation of water quantity and quality, it has become imperative to provide adequate understanding of the process of the agriculture expansion . This understanding is equally important as we seek to improve these policies. There have been plethora studies of the causes of tropical deforestation, but very few have been concerned with West Africa. Some of these studies have undertaken the analysis at the national level , but as would say Geist and Lambin , most of them have been based on cross-country data,whose findings raise concerns as they are to be checked at the local levels. Further,none or rare of these has interested in the specific impact of land use displacement abroad. Thus, while seeking to add to the existing literature on the empirical analysis of tropical deforestation causes the study intends to know to what extent the farmer producer benefits from the farming to be able to account for environmental reparation following the agricultural practices. Thus in this article we identified the major causes of the deforestation in West Africa, particularly in Central Togo, and quantified their effects. Then through cost-benefit analysis, we assessed the farming returns to the famer producer and finally question the effectiveness of our current policies in addressing the conservation issue. The study concerns the Central region of Togo.

The coordinates recorded in Sokode, the major city are 09 degrees North latitude and 01.09 degrees East longitude.It is a part of the vegetation cover type that stretches from the savanna-forests of the Upper Ivory Coast , into the Daho mean Gap in Togo. The area is limited in the South by the Plateaus region, and to the North by the Kara region. It makes frontiers with Ghana in the West and with Benin in the East.Administratively, as shown in Figure 3, it is originally divided into five prefectures which are Blitta, the Plain of Mo River, Sotouboua, Tchamba, and Tchaoudjo. The Togo forest service is represented in each prefecture. These offices are coordinated by the regional office located in Sokode. Each regional office,a total of five in the country, operates under the national forest and environmental office of the Ministry of the Environment and the Forest Resources of Togo.