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Climate and pest cycles may also interact to produce complex longer-term cycles in crops
While Gleiser et al.’s recent analysis of yield variability across all crops in the FAO data found that increasing pollinator dependence was positively associated with yield variability, their inclusion of annual plants prevents meaningful inference for perennials. However, they observed greater interannual variability in woody than herbaceous plants, which is consistent with alternate bearing in long-lived…
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The coverage threshold was used to filter uniquely mapped sequences
In dioecious diploid persimmon species , the Y chromosome-encoded small-RNA gene OGI is responsible for expression of maleness, through the repression of its autosomal counterpart, a gene called MeGI. Importantly, hexaploid cultivated Oriental persimmon has evolved a more plastic sex determination system from the dioecious system, possibly through epigenetic regulation of OGI and MeGI. In hexaploid Oriental…
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Rootstocks impart certain traits onto the scion and the effects of rootstocks can be large
The total production of citrus in the United States in the 2018 growing season was 6.1 million tons on a total of 679 thousand acres. California produced 58 percent of the United States total, producing 3.6 million tons of citrus on 278 thousand acres. Approximately 75 percent of California’s citrus production is sold to the…
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Soilless agriculture was initially developed to manage soilborne plant diseases
This strain was not only used as a biostimulator but also served as a bio-control agent against Fusarium through the increased production of phytoalexin. Another group used lettuce, tomato, and soybean plants, to which B. subtilis was applied for plant growth, and this PGP species affected the shoot growth of the plants under salt stress conditions .…
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Los Huertos hopes to eventually extend the model to the entire Pajaro River watershed
Operations assistant Thomas Wittman has become something of a local expert in this field; here he shares his tips for taking on gophers at the small-farm level . Environmentalists as well as growers are concerned about the potential impacts of genetically modified crop plants on wild crop relatives. Center faculty affiliate Deborah Letourneau of the…
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Similar trends were observed for most of the treatments in the two experiments
There are several limitations in using tree crops to study and characterize pathogenicity and virulence for a large number of P. cinnamomi isolates including: the requirement for using genetically uniform clonal material, only a small number of experiments can be completed annually, the large greenhouse space required to conduct the experiments, and the long time to score the disease. Model…
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Early manuscript drafts benefited from feedback from Rachel Vannette and Louie Yang
Maureen Page collected and analyzed the data and led the writing of the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Andrew Buderi, Staci Cibotti, Deanna Deterding, Lindsey Hack, Heather Spaulding, and Annie Zell assisted with field work. Skyler Burrows of the USDA Bee Lab in Logan, Utah, and Joel Gardner of the University…
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The solid blue line is the same change for counties that did experience mergers
Some congregations were even conducting multiple services, each in a different language ; Murray County. Cross-branch mergers between local congregations were large shocks to churchgoers’ social networks, since the congregants were not likely to have interacted frequently prior to the merger.We acquired a unique dataset on mergers between Lutheran congregations based on the archives of the…
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PCA was applied to explore the interdependence among variables
The highest TEY, TPY, and TPC obtained were 57.83%, 12.80%, and 22.06%, respectively. The DSA ranged from 5.37 to 6.35 g g-1. The results indicated that extraction of phenolics from peel particles, produced by grinding to less than 0.6mm with a large cutting head, at a temperature of 20°C for 6 min using a solvent ratio…
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Adsorption fluctuations could be due to the disruption of hydrogen bonds by EtOH
Transcript levels of CquiOR4 decreased significantly in knockdown mosquitoes . Similarly, CquiOR5-dsRNA-treated mosquitoes had significantly lower transcripts of CquiOR5 than mosquitoes injected with water or β- galactosidase-dsRNA. Next, RNAi-treated mosquitoes were used to compare repellency activity. Because RNAi treatment reduced transcript levels only by ca. 60%, it is important to test repellency at low doses, otherwise, a possible link…