In contrast the acquisition of novel alleles is analogous to the effect of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes: it increases the genetic variance that natural selection can act on but does not, in itself, result in a qualitative change in the ecology of the recipient . Due to these fundamental differences, we favor reserving the term…

To 630 µL of supernatant, 57 µL deuterium oxide and 6 µL of the internal standard solution of 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentane-1-sulfonic acid-d6were added. Deuterated acetic acid-d4or ammonium deuteroxide-d4dissolved in D2O were used for pH adjustment to 3.5 ± 0.1. After centrifugation , 620 µL of sample was introduced into a 5 mm NMR tube and the 1H NMR…

People often choose what information they want to gather. This kind of learning is known as active learning, and has been the subject of intense study in recent years in several fields. Although there are many questions to ask about active learning, perhaps the most pressing question about active learning is this: how and why…

To compare predicted scores with the ground truth data, F1 scores were calculated. F1 scores, the harmonic mean of precision and recall, were calculated using the set of tokens from the ASA24 description and the predicted set based on each food photo. True positives were counted as tokens correctly predicted by the algorithm , false negatives…

IHH is a clinically important exposure because it markedly promotes atherosclerotic lesions in the pulmonary arteries and aorta in not only Ldlr-/- mice but also ApoE knockout mice, another widely-used atherosclerosis model , thereby mimicking the adverse cardiovascular changes that occur in OSA patients . In Ldlr-/- mice, wereported significant shifts in the bacterial and chemical…

Although hypothesis-driven science has immense value, it depends to a considerable degree on a framework of maps, tools, and standards whose development often does not fit meaningfully into a hypothesis-driven framework and is therefore heavily criticized in settings such as grant review panels. However, without these types of development, hypotheses more explicit than “differences in…

Talekar et al., experimented with extraction with magnetic nanocatalyst of FeSO4 7H2O and FeCl3 6H2O solutions, which yielded 64.2–66.5 mg/g PU . It was lower than their previous research using cellulase . However, the nanocatalysts are recyclable and could reduce the cost of cellulase. Supercritical fluid extraction is another extraction method with increasing popularity. It utilizes supercritical fluid, such…

All Seurat objects were then integrated together using the approach from , applying the Select Integration Features, PrepSCT Integration, Find Integration Anchors, and Integrate Data functions from the Seurat R package,using 5000 variable features, 20 principal components, and otherwise default parameters. Cell clusters were computed using the Seurat functions, Find Neighbors and Find Clusters, 20 principal components and a resolution parameter of…

Akt is a serine/threonine‐specific protein kinase that plays a key role in various cellular activities. Many cellular signals are transduced through the Akt signaling pathway, and Akt is involved in EMT in cooperation with other proteins. For example, tripartite motif‐containing 14 is an oncogene that regulated EMT and the metastasis of human gastric cancer by activating…

Organized by Allison Carruth and Rachel Lee,“The Cultural Politics of Seeds” symposium will look at how gender, ethnicity, and race shape contemporary cultural and political movements related to seeds. Conceived as a forum for integrating research, policy, activism, and art practice, this event will include day-long event with 3 panels and two keynote talks and…