The most significant limitation of the DITSEM model is that it is currently capable of CO emission estimation only. This is perhaps the main reason why this model has not been adopted as a tool in practice. Nevertheless, Washington and others have applied many theoretical aspects of the model in more recent work at the Georgia…

Reducing trade offs among ecosystem services related to nitrogen cycling in agriculture is a global challenge. One promising strategy to reduce such trade offs relies on a stronger role for biological processes to support high yields, such as practiced in organic agriculture, rather than non-renewable inputs like synthetic N fertilizer. Ideally soil microbial processing of organic matter releases…

Five of these path ways cycle, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism are related to carbohydrate metabolism.In addition, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, isoquinoline alkaloid bio synthesis, and methane metabolism were also disturbed; these pathways are related to lipid metabolism, biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, and energy metabolism, re spectively. These results indicate that accumulated nCu may have a significant…

Increases in SST, upward energy flux, cloud cover, and precipitation over the STIO have been accompanied by diabatic heating in the mid-troposphere due to the con version of latent energy into DSE during condensation . Figure 9e shows that STIO surface warming corresponds with a significant increase in the amount of NCEP2 DSE exported from the region…

The importance of diversification and its variation across specific industries points to the conditions under which yield insurance may be of interest and where it is less important to a farm’s annual revenue and thus less appealing as a risk management tool. The covariance between price and individual farm yield is another crucial piece of…

To evaluate the combined effects of 2x[CO2] and -H2O on the maize defense response, we analyzed the concentration of major phytohormones in stem tissues of -Fv and +Fv plants. Consis tent with +H2O maize, the concentration of JA was induced 2 d post +Fv in maize at 1x [CO2]-H2O but not at 2x[CO2]-H2O . However, there…

Comprising a set of high walls incised transversely by equally spaced arched passages, the garden presents itself as an open labyrinth. In this regard the sensation of moving amongst the array of walls and apertures is reminiscent of Eisenman’s Holocaust Memorial design, where the object is perhaps to test Walter Benjamin’s edict that we must…

The Fc RMSD is noticeably lower than the CMG2 RMSD for the Agly and GnGnXF glycoforms, indicating minor fold transitions in the CMG2 domains of these glycoforms.The hydrophobic solvent accessible surface area distributions are reported in Figure 11.The MAN8 glycoform has the highest amount of hydrophobic SASA in the simulation, while the aglycosylated has the…

Over 30 years ago branched β-1→3-glucans and the EP – AA and EPA – were characterized as potent oomycete elicitors of innate immune responses in plants. These and the Phytophthora elic itin proteins with activities in a somewhat narrower host range figured prominently in the literature in subsequent years, and were used to examine physiological, biochemical and molecular…

Combined, the strong signature of selection, high levels of population structure and lack of within-population variation observed at FRI suggests an adaptive role of this pleiotropy.Previous studies have found that the early flowering, low WUE phenotypes associated with drought escape are adaptive in sites without consistent low soil moisture. Although we did not directly measure…