Increasing the concentration of unsaturated phospholipids ensures that the lipid bilayer is permeable, whereas saturated phospholipids make the barrier impermeable. By controlling the lipid composition and length of the fatty acid chains, liposomal nanocarriers can be engineered to respond to temperature and/or pH, allowing the controlled release of the active ingredient under physiological conditions that are specific…

However evidence elsewhere in the literature exists that suggest possible mechanisms. Using data from Zimbabwe Hoddinott and Kinsey find that children exposed to the 1995 drought while they were one to three years are shorter. Alderman et al. find that short run height deficits from exposure to civil war or drought in Zimbabwe during childhood are…

Because pyrethroids tightly bind to the soil, the most common transport mechanism off-farms and into nearby waterways is on suspended solids . While pyrethroids have a short half-life in aqueous solutions, one California study found that bifenthrin, a pyrethriod commonly applied to strawberries in the Central Coast and one of the pesticides that showed to…

While institutional distance tends to be greater at the federal and state level, where decisions are centralized, the phenomenon can also be true at the regional level. Finally, Lubell and Fulton show that the power of communication on trust depends on the actors involved. In their study, the authors cite a strong relationship between contact frequency…

Wu follows most critics, and cites Jack London on this point, in identifying Norris’s position with Presley’s, as I have also done in this chapter. The curious point about the afterword, however, is the complete absence of the topic this chapter has focused on: China. While Wu claims that the novel is worth reading for…

The dissertation’s fourth and final chapter follows the legacy of the collaboration, as it transformed into the Cold War rivalry over how best to transform rural Asia. Chapter one, “Food Empire, Trade Boycott: Literature and the Future of U.S.-China Relations in 1900,” analyzes food politics at the turn of the twentieth century, when the U.S.…

When comparing the results of our calculations to the Field Capacity Model from Sorooshian et al., the calculated ETc represented 97% of the model prediction, reaffirming that ETc plays an important role in contributing to the majority of the water consumed in irrigation and that agricultural irrigation adds to the increase in surface evapotranspiration. The overall…

The deadline for that was June 30, 2017, for the 127 medium- and high-priority basins; low- and very-low priority basins are encouraged, though not required, to form a GSA and write a GSP . Recent research from Conrad et al. highlights through case studies, based on interviews with regional stakeholders, that GSA formation looked very different…

Without knowing the actual adaptations undertaken, this approach provides limited analysis on economic efficiency. Hanemann argues that Ricardian models may not even capture long-run efficiency because economic agents do not behave optimally even in the long run. Studies of both short-run and mid-to-long run suggest that farmers with access to groundwater will tend to increase pumping,…

Several high-quality serum-free media formulations were discovered which allows for further, more principled, experiments to be made to accompany and expand on the discoveries made in this study. Further work should be performed on correlating biomarkers and morphological attributes to cell differentiation and proliferation, both to improve the robustness of predictions and to simultaneously optimize…