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The rising food prices strongly affected access to food by the poor
Among the studies on LSLAs and land grabbing, an alternative hypothesis has developed: what if the main driver of the contemporary global land rush were the need for water rather than for land? . Dell’Angelo et al. have described a “global water grabbing syndrome” to take into account the increasing dynamics of freshwater appropriation occurring as…
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The rice genome was partitioned into a set of coherent classes in a two-step process
First, the epigenomic datasets were used to infer a small set of chromatin states. Then, in a second step, these states were intersected with transcriptomic and annotation data to generate a more nuanced global classification. The first step employed a hidden Markov modeller ChromHMM to binarize chromatin signals and produce alow-resolution map of chromatin states across…
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Attention should focus on shaping the view of plants as essential tools for understanding cell biology in general
The online infrastructure should include a list of reporter lines that are valuable for cell-type/cluster annotation of single-cell RNA sequencing data and gold-standard datasets for teaching and developing new methods.Finally, the database should incorporate cell-type marker genes and their corresponding orthologs, expressologs, and matches across species, synteny maps of good markers, and a repository to…
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This lack of mass reduction may be attributed to the time duration allotted to lunar food production
This benefit results from reducing the launch mass cost of complete nitrous oxide –hydrocarbon propellant delivery.However, as described in §S3, the overall mass and time costs render nitrous oxide –hydrocarbon bio-manufacture impractical for now.It is expected that near-future space synthetic biology efforts on methanogenic bacteria will concentrate on minimizing nutrient use and improving bioreactor nutrient…
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The initial conditions for water flow were defined using the observed pressure heads
The input parameters for the solute transport part of Hydrus- 1D are required to characterize the three main sets of processes: solute transport, solute reactions/transformations, and root solute uptake.The solute transport parameters were considered using the following values: the molecular diffusion coefficients in free water for NH4 +–N and NO3 −–N were 1.52 and 1.64 cm2…
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Celery seedlings were-obtained from a commercial nursery and planted in two rows per bed
The distance between centers of each bed was 1 m. Three row spacings were used for each treatment. Bi-wall drip irrigation tubing was placed on the soil surface down the center of each bed equidistant from each celery row. The soil-applied fertilizer was placed approximately 5 em below the soil surface, immediately below the drip line. All of…
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National priorities for food security shaped policies and institutions for public procurement
The term includes learning costs, transaction costs, physical investment costs and artificial costs created by oligopolistic firms, such as rewards for loyalty. In all these cases, the focus is on consumer switching costs, although the customers may also be firms that are purchasing equipment or other inputs from supplier firms. The latter case is most relevant…
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The Na+ and K+ contents of roots and shoots were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
In other words, CIPK24 probably functions as a major component downstream of the CBL4-mediated pathway, alternative or additional kinases other than CIPK24 are likely to be involved in the CBL10-mediated pathway. Among all the single and double mutants, sos1 was the most severely affected with similar phenotype to all the double mutants combining cbl10 and…
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Chlorpyrifos has been previously reported to be resistant to enhanced degradation in soils
The distribution coefficients for chlorpyrifos in a variety of soils range from 45 to 1300 L kg -1 . PTE is a zinc metalloenzyme that was initially isolated from strains of soil bacteria capable of hydrolyzing a variety of organophosphate compounds, including agricultural pesticides and chemical warfare agents . This enzyme is reportedly responsible for…
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Transgenic production is the simplest form of molecular pharming
To arrive there, we need to transition from Earth-reliant to Earth-independent mission architecture. Agencies like the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and European Space Agencyhave developed exceptional life support systems for Earth-reliant human missions into space. Carefully planned medicine, food, and environmental control re-supply shuttles working in concert with on-board environmental control and life support systems…