The elders’ agricultural productivity level cannot meet the speedily growing population’s food and fibre needs. Additionally, the new ideas and techniques used to improve agricultural production are not user-friendly for most older people and illiterate. Subsequently, fostering youth involvement in agriculture remains vital to economic development in most developing countries. Therefore, youth remains an important…

The reverse was seen with fruit crops where 23% of the commercial farmers produced fruits while 67% non-commercial farmers produced fruits. Livestock contributed the least as an agro-ecological product in the entire region. Interestingly, there was a difference in the age of individuals operating commercial farm households versus those in the non-commercial farming households .…

The temperatures ranged from 22.1˚C to 35.5˚C lower temperature and the highest temperature achieved in the above-day interval. The average value calculated for highest temperature was 32.9˚C and 24.9˚C for the lowest temperature recorded daily. The vegetative characteristics variance analysis sheet has not found significant contrasts between local cultivars, but detected at least a significant…

The divergence has weakened the capacity of indigenous resource governing institutions that regulate access to resources which have traditionally supported collective action to adapt at the local level . Jones and Boyd and Upton  argue that institutional factors play important roles in prescribing options and shaping adaptation path-ways at different scales. In a related observation,…

However, some adaptive strategies may fail to bring intended positive outcomes which result in insufficient adaptation or maladaptation that exacerbates vulnerability of the target group or neighbouring communities. More attention has to be paid to potential consequences of adaptation policies and practices with their implication for future adaptive capacity and long-term adaptation. Smallholder agriculture in…

Their construction is usually two concentric rotating blades surrounded by a stationary casing. Solids enter the decanter settle on the bowl wall to be discharge, while the clarified liquid is discharged at the other end .The centrifugation process has presented itself as a very reliable and effective method of microalgae harvesting but the capital cost…

The current extensive research and development activities on microalgae as commercial sources of renewable fuels and energy rely on the basic and applied research on biology, physiology, cultural methods,cultural systems etc undertaken in the past . The oil content of microalgae can be very high which is one of its many features that have attracted…

So how to find a clear chain operation orientation and explore a suitable chain business development model is another problem needs to be solved. According to its own development conditions, what Qixing can do are as followings:Firstly, to make full use of Heilongjiang’s agricultural advantages of resource,technology, and talents, creating brand products and famous brand…

The seminal works by Beaver  and Altman develop univariate and multivariate models to predict business failures using a set of financial ratios. Beaver uses a dichotomous classification test to determine the error rates that a potential creditor would experience if it classified firms on the basis of individual financial ratios as failed or non-failed. He…

This can be explained by the fact that urbanization has led to the establishment of infrastructure for the storage of animals consisting of huts and pens with one or two rooms . These pens and huts are either open or closed with a bare floor. In these dwellings, the feeders and drinkers are often made…