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Transgenic technologies provide powerful tools for crop improvement
An identical peristaltic pump pushed deionized water through the flow cell. The in-line sampling protocol was as follows: 1.5 min of flushing the optical cell with water, 1.5 min with water “reference” measurement, 1.5 min of wine flowing through the cell, and 1.5 min of sample measurement. A total of 100 mL of wine is…
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The expression of both transgenes was quantified by using a specific assay
No differences in the vegetative growth were observed for any of the six and nine lines selected carrying VviINO.1 and VviINO.2, respectively , even though some variability was observed in the size of silique in mature plants . Careful observation of ovule phenotypes both by stereo and optical microscope showed that both VviINO.1 and VviINO.2…
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Almond is the most important tree nut crop in California in terms of acreage and production value
As seen in Figure 3.6 however, the only significant change produced by 24 hour cytokinin treatments was a doubling of the fluorescent signal, which affected both modified reporters and the pWUS:eGFP-WUS control alike. Expression of pWUS:NLS-eGFP-WUS was more clearly nuclear localized than pWUS:eGFP-WUS as expected, while pWUS:eGFP-NESWUS produced very little fluorescent signal under either treatment.…
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A similar declining pattern was also found in continually de-fruited plants
The steady decline in the distance between meristems as previously observed, may simply reflect the decreasing size of the central area. Such an effect may be widespread among angiosperms, as bud rates increased following induction in chrysanthemums and Chenopodium amaranticolor, Protea spp., while increased meristem sizes following induction have been found in apple, strawberry, chrysanthemums,…
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These findings are robust to use of quantitative or qualitative descriptors of polygyny
Decades of both theoretical and empirical research based on the polygyny threshold model have suggested that polygyny should be more common and more pronounced in populations in which males differ substantially in resource control. In humans, this will be in socio-cultural contexts where wealth is held predominately by men, and where there is high inequality…
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Densities of an herbivorous pest might be impacted by landscape and grove architecture
The difference in transmission efficiency was correlated to differences in the expression of digestive proteases within the insect gut. Previously, the Hall lab showed that titers of the bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in Asian citrus psyllids , the vectors of CLas associated with citrus greening disease, are lower when reared from Murraya paniculata than in psyllids…
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Developing a new grape cultivar using traditional breeding techniques takes 25–30 years
The last important component for the design of a FAIR compliant sustainable information system will be that it is useful to a large group of diverse users. Like the data producers, users also have an important contribution to make in specifying the data models, the goals of the repositories and of the whole GrapeIS infrastructure.…
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Nutrient-rich water is pumped over a shallow trough that is lined with plastic or cement
For maximum benefit, vegetative buffers should be sized for the treatment area based on the expected runoff volumes for a particular operation . In short, Liu et al. reviewed 80 experiments, and meta-analyses of these data indicated that sediment removal was maximized with a 10-m buffer width and 9% slope, regardless of the ratio of buffer…
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The efficacy of each treatment was compared to methyl bromide plus chloropicrin applied by drip fumigation
As a statistical measure of trade persistence, we can use a transformation of the standard chisquared test, Cramer’s C-statistic, suggested by Carolan et. al.. The C-statistic lies between zero and one, with one representing complete association between the beginning and the ending trade balance. From Tables 7, 8 and 9 we find the C-statistic is 0.66…
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Fertilizer and pesticides were applied according to standard horticultural practices
It has been reported that mild water stress applied during the intermediate developmental period of slow fruit growth has no effect on crop yields but significantly reduces vegetative growth in peach . Fruit developmental stages may differ in time of initiation and duration among peach varieties, an example of this would be an early vs.…